The protection objective definition for banks establishes which assets are to be protected against which threats, and what level of protection is to be achieved. It is a strategic process encompassing physical and digital security, and forms the basis for planning fire alarm systems, intrusion detection systems, access control and IT security systems in order to meet regulatory requirements such as MaRisk and DORA.

Strategic planning of security systems and IT infrastructures for financial institutions

A precise protection objective definition is the indispensable foundation for every effective security concept and for the legally compliant design of system technology and IT infrastructures.

Key Takeaways

  • A precise protection objective definition is the strategic foundation for a bank's entire security architecture and must integrate both physical and digital aspects.
  • Legal compliance under the Kreditwesengesetz (KWG), MaRisk and DORA is mandatory and must inform the protection objective definition from the outset, in order to avoid sanctions.
  • Independent planning and consulting, such as that offered by PLANATEL®, secures an objective, manufacturer-independent and future-proof implementation of the protection objectives, particularly for complex system technology such as fire alarm systems.

As financial institutions face increasingly complex threats, from cyberattacks to physical security risks to internal hazards, a clear, comprehensive protection objective definition is essential. It forms the strategic foundation for the design and implementation of all security measures. Without a precise determination of what is to be protected and to what extent, banks risk investing resources in ineffective or inadequate security systems. This applies not only to IT security, but equally to the planning of fire alarm systems, intrusion detection systems and access control systems, all of which must be aligned to specific protection objectives. The challenge lies in developing a holistic concept that meets both regulatory requirements and individual risk profiles.

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Fundamentals of protection objective definition: more than just IT security

The protection objective definition is the starting point for every well-founded security concept. It goes far beyond the mere installation of security technology and requires an in-depth analysis of the assets to be protected, the potential threats, and the desired level of protection. At the core of information security stand, traditionally, the protection objectives of confidentiality, integrity and availability (often referred to as the CIA objectives). Confidentiality means that information is accessible only to authorised persons. Integrity ensures that data remains complete, correct and unaltered. Availability ensures that systems and information are accessible to authorised users at all times.

For financial institutions, these fundamental protection objectives are of existential importance. Beyond these, protection objectives in the banking environment often expand to include aspects such as authenticity, non-repudiation and accountability. Authenticity ensures the genuineness of information and systems. Non-repudiation means that actions cannot be denied, while accountability enables the unambiguous identification of an actor. These extended protection objectives are particularly relevant when it comes to transactions, digital signatures, or the traceability of processes. Defining these protection objectives is not a one-off task, but a dynamic process that must be regularly reviewed and adapted to new threat situations and technological developments. A precise protection objective definition forms the indispensable basis for setting the right priorities in the planning and implementation of security systems, and for creating a sustainable security architecture.

Specific threat scenarios and protection needs in the financial sector

Banks are, owing to their role as custodians of assets and sensitive customer data, exposed to unique and varied threat scenarios. These range from highly complex cyberattacks to physical robberies and internal manipulation. In its 2025 report, BaFin identified six main risks for banks, including risks from cyber incidents with serious consequences and risks from inadequate money-laundering prevention. Cybercrime causes billions of euros in damage annually, and the cost of cybercrime worldwide is expected to reach USD 10.5 trillion by 2025. This underlines the need for robust digital protective measures.

Physical threats include burglary, theft, sabotage and fire events. A comprehensive security concept must therefore integrate fire alarm systems (BMA) to DIN 14675 and VdS 2095, intrusion detection systems (EMA), video surveillance and access control systems. Internal risks, such as human error or deliberate acts by employees, also call for organisational measures and clear processes. Protection needs vary by asset: a strongroom has different protection needs from an office area, and highly sensitive customer data requires different protective measures from general marketing information. The protection objective definition must consider and prioritise these differing protection needs in a differentiated way, to enable an effective and economical security strategy. Inadequate early fire detection or outdated alarm systems can, in the event of a claim, lead to considerable financial losses and liability issues.

The protection objective definition for banks is inseparably linked to a complex web of statutory and supervisory requirements. The Kreditwesengesetz (KWG) forms the national basis, regulating the authorisation, supervision and obligations of banks in order to safeguard the functioning of the credit industry and the protection of creditors. Building on this, the Minimum Requirements for Risk Management (MaRisk) issued by BaFin specify the design of risk management and internal control procedures for institutions. Circular 06/2024 (BA), MaRisk of May 2024 emphasises the need to capture material risks at the level of the entire institution and to ensure risk-bearing capacity.

A further decisive framework is the Supervisory Requirements for IT in Financial Institutions (BAIT), which set specific requirements for information security and cover topics such as IT strategy, information risk management and information security management. Since 17 January 2025, the European Digital Operational Resilience Act (DORA) has applied, aiming to harmonise and improve the IT security and operational resilience of financial institutions across Europe. DORA will progressively replace the national BaFin circulars on IT security. Compliance with these requirements is not optional; violations can lead to significant sanctions, reputational damage, and the withdrawal of authorisation. A well-founded protection objective definition must therefore take these regulatory requirements into account from the outset and lay the basis for demonstrable legal compliance.

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The role of system technology: fire alarm systems and other systems

Physical security and protection against fire events are integral components of a comprehensive protection objective definition for banks. Here, specialised system technology plays a decisive role. Fire alarm systems (BMA) are of central importance. Their planning and installation must comply with the strict requirements of DIN 14675 and VdS 2095. DIN 14675-1:2020-01 describes the structure and operation of fire alarm systems, while DIN 14675-2:2018-04 defines the requirements for the specialist firm. VdS 2095, updated in June 2022, further specifies these requirements, in particular for systems where VdS recognition is explicitly required, for example by insurers to reduce the insured risk.

In addition to fire alarm systems, further security systems are indispensable for achieving the defined protection objectives. These include intrusion detection systems (EMA), which detect and report unauthorised entry, and video surveillance systems, which serve preventive deterrence, the monitoring of critical areas, and evidence preservation. Access control systems regulate physical access to buildings and sensitive areas, while security management systems centrally control and monitor all safety-related systems. The planning of these systems must be coordinated with one another, to exploit synergies and ensure an unbroken security chain. Considering individual systems in isolation inevitably leads to vulnerabilities. PLANATEL® plans these complex system technologies on a manufacturer-independent, integrated basis, to achieve maximum efficiency and legal compliance.

Methodology for developing a robust protection objective definition

Developing a resilient protection objective definition requires a structured, methodical approach. This process begins with a detailed as-is survey and needs assessment. First, all assets worth protecting must be identified, this includes not only physical assets such as cash, securities and buildings, but also intangible assets such as customer data, trade secrets, reputation, and the functionality of critical IT systems. This is followed by a comprehensive threat analysis, which considers both external threats (e.g. cyberattacks, natural disasters, burglary) and internal threats (e.g. human error, sabotage). Here, the probability of occurrence and the potential scale of damage of each threat are assessed.

Based on these analyses, a risk analysis is carried out, prioritising the identified risks and indicating the need for action. Only then can the actual determination of protection needs take place, defining the desired level of protection for each asset. This includes setting tolerance limits for failures, data loss or unauthorised access. The measures for risk minimisation derived from this cover technical, organisational and personnel aspects. For the planning of fire alarm systems, this means, for example, defining protection categories and alarm organisation in accordance with DIN 14675 and VdS 2095. This iterative process requires close collaboration among all relevant stakeholders, from management, through IT and security officers, to external experts such as PLANATEL®.

Common challenges and best practices in implementation

When implementing a protection objective definition in the banking environment, specific challenges frequently arise. One of the greatest is the complexity of the IT and security landscape, which has often grown historically and comprises heterogeneous systems. This makes a holistic view and the integration of new solutions more difficult. Another stumbling block is inadequate communication between the various departments (IT, security, facility management and management) which can lead to isolated solutions and suboptimal investment. Furthermore, insufficient consideration of future developments, such as new technologies or changing regulatory requirements (e.g. DORA), can mean that the security concept quickly becomes outdated.

Best practices for overcoming these challenges include a holistic approach that integrates and coordinates physical and digital security systems. Continuous risk analysis and assessment is essential, in order to respond to new threats. Regular training and awareness-raising of employees is a central building block, since people are often the weakest link in the security chain. The involvement of independent experts, such as PLANATEL®, from the outset ensures that the protection objective definition is objective, manufacturer-independent and takes account of all relevant standards and regulations. This minimises the risk of wrong decisions and optimises investment in security systems.

The strategic importance of independent planning and consulting

The complexity of the protection objective definition and the resulting security architecture calls for specialised expertise and an independent perspective. This is where PLANATEL®'s strategic importance comes in. As a manufacturer-independent, financially independent planning and consulting firm since 1992, we offer over 34 years of experience in the design and optimisation of complex infrastructures. Our expertise enables banks to develop a protection objective definition that is not only legally compliant, but also optimally tailored to their individual needs.

We act as your trusted partner, one that does not sell its own products or receive commissions from manufacturers. This ensures objective advice and the selection of the best solutions for your specific protection objectives. From the detailed as-is survey and needs assessment, through the target concept and detailed planning, to the tender and award process, we accompany you throughout the entire process. This includes the planning of fire alarm systems to DIN 14675 and VdS 2095, intrusion detection systems, video surveillance, access control and security management systems. Through our independent position, we help you avoid manufacturer dependency and optimise costs in the long term, while guaranteeing the highest security standards. Our role is to empower you to make well-founded decisions and implement a future-proof security strategy.

Continuous review and adjustment of the protection objectives

A protection objective definition is not a static document, but a living framework requiring continuous review and adjustment. The threat landscape is constantly evolving, new technologies are emerging, and regulatory requirements are changing, as the introduction of DORA shows. A protection objective definition, once established, can therefore quickly lose relevance if it is not regularly put to the test. Financial institutions must establish processes that enable systematic monitoring of the effectiveness of their security systems and a reassessment of their protection objectives.

This includes regular audits, penetration tests, vulnerability analyses, and the evaluation of security incidents. The results of these reviews must feed into the process of adjusting the protection objectives. It is also decisive to continuously train employees and raise their awareness of current threats. PLANATEL® supports banks in developing such review and adjustment strategies. We help define key metrics for measuring security performance and establish processes for change management. In this way, we ensure that your security strategy remains agile and always meets current requirements and risks, to secure the long-term resilience of your institution.

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Frequently asked questions

What is meant by a protection objective definition in the context of a bank?

A protection objective definition for a bank is a strategic framework that specifies in detail which assets (e.g. customer data, financial transactions, physical infrastructure) are to be protected against which specific threats (e.g. cyberattacks, fire, theft). It defines the intended level of protection and the criteria against which the success of the protective measures is measured. This forms the basis for planning and implementing all technical and organisational measures, in order to safeguard business continuity and legal compliance.

What role do physical security systems such as fire alarm systems play in the protection objective definition?

Physical security systems are an integral component of the protection objective definition. Fire alarm systems (BMA) to DIN 14675 and VdS 2095, for example, are decisive for ensuring the availability of buildings and IT infrastructures and for protecting human life. Intrusion detection systems, video surveillance and access control secure physical assets and sensitive areas. A comprehensive protection objective definition integrates these systems seamlessly with IT security, to form a holistic protection strategy and cover all relevant threats.

How do MaRisk and DORA influence a bank's protection objective definition?

MaRisk (Minimum Requirements for Risk Management) and the Digital Operational Resilience Act (DORA) are central regulatory requirements that substantially influence a bank's protection objective definition. They require financial institutions to maintain robust risk management, a high level of operational resilience, and specific IT security measures. The protection objective definition must explicitly take these requirements into account and demonstrably fulfil them, in order to meet regulatory obligations and avoid sanctions. PLANATEL® helps integrate these requirements into your security strategy.

Why is manufacturer-independence important in planning security systems for banks?

Without ties to particular providers, PLANATEL® can identify the best technologies and solutions that optimally match the bank's specific protection objectives and budget. This avoids manufacturer dependency, promotes interoperability, and secures the long-term economic viability and adaptability of the security infrastructure. Independent planning protects against overpriced or suboptimal solutions and maximises investment protection.

How often should a protection objective definition for a bank be reviewed and adjusted?

The protection objective definition should be reviewed regularly, at least annually, and adjusted where necessary. Given the dynamic development of threats (particularly cyber risks), new technologies, and changing regulatory requirements (such as DORA), a static security concept is not sufficient. Continuous risk analyses, audits, and the evaluation of security incidents are necessary, in order to assess the effectiveness of the protective measures and proactively adapt the protection objectives to the current situation. PLANATEL® supports the establishment of these processes.

What are the primary protection objectives of information security for banks?

The primary protection objectives are confidentiality, integrity and availability (CIA). Confidentiality protects against unauthorised access, integrity against manipulation, and availability ensures constant access to systems and data. For banks, extended objectives such as authenticity and accountability are added.

What role do BaFin circulars play in the protection objective definition?

BaFin circulars such as MaRisk and BAIT (from 2025/2026, DORA) specify the statutory requirements for risk management and IT security at banks. They form the binding framework within which the protection objectives must be defined and implemented, in order to ensure legal compliance.

Why is DIN 14675 important for fire alarm systems in banks?

DIN 14675 is the central standard for the planning, structure and operation of fire alarm systems in Germany. It ensures that BMA function reliably and enable rapid alerting in the event of fire, which is decisive for protecting people and assets and for maintaining business operations at banks.

How does independent consulting help with protection objective definition for banks?

Independent consulting ensures an objective, manufacturer-independent analysis of risks and requirements. It helps develop tailored, future-proof security concepts that are optimally aligned with the bank's specific protection objectives, without conflicts of interest or manufacturer dependency.

Sources and further information